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[76], During an interview, Assata Shakur discussed her treatment by the police and medical staff at Middlesex General Hospital. [125], Shakur was acquitted after seven hours of jury deliberation on January 16, 1976,[122] and was immediately remanded back to New Jersey for the Turnpike trial. For the book, see, Black Panther Party and Black Liberation Army, Howell, Ron (October 11, 1987) "'On the Run With Assata Shakur' -, "Hands Off Assata Shakur: Angela Davis Calls for Radical Activism to Protect Activist Exiled in Cuba. [78][134][137] Of these attorneys, Kunstler, Ball, Cohen, Myers, Stern and Williams appeared in court for the turnpike trial. Pre-owned. (December 12, 1973). [149], A total of 408 potential jurors were questioned during the voir dire, which concluded on February 14. Prial, Frank J. Christol, 2001, p. 140. Her autobiography has been cited in relation to critical legal studies[204] and critical race theory. [138] After Joseph W. Lewis, the jury foreman, read the verdict, Kunstler asked that the jury be removed before alleging that one juror had violated the sequestration order (see above). Joanne Chesimard, a leader of the Black Liberation Army, was convicted of killing a state trooper on the New Jersey Turnpike in 1973. Trump specifically called for the return of "the cop-killer Joanne Chesimard". and convicted cop-killer Assata Shakur. [18] But she soon left the party, disliking the macho behavior of the men and believing that the BPP members and leaders lacked knowledge and understanding of United States black history. Between 1971 and 1973, she was charged with several crimes and was the subject of a multi-state manhunt. I didn't feel like no Joanne, or no negro, or no amerikan. [85], The prosecution's case rested largely on the testimony of two men who had pleaded guilty to participating in the holdup. [202] She has praised Fidel Castro as a "hero of the oppressed"[12] and referred to herself as a "20th century escaped slave". After a bomb threat was made against Judge Appleby, Sheriff Joseph DeMarino lied to the press about the exact date of her transfer to Clinton Correctional Facility for Women; He later claimed the threat to be the cause of his falsification. Prial, Frank J. ", "Trump calls on Cuba to return U.S. fugitives, including cop-killer Chesimard", "Like Water for Chocolate: Common's Recipe for Progressive Hip-Hop", "CUNY Chief Orders Names Stripped From Student Center", "First Amendment Violation Claim Proceeds Against College Over Removed Plaque", Two Scholarships Given New Names After Controversy, Superhero Inspiration for Course on 'Black Heroes', "Common Pulled From Kean University Commencement Speech After Police Complaints", "A Herstory of the #BlackLivesMatter Movement", "Activists of every stripe unite in ICE civil disobedience", "Assata Shakur birthday honored by Women's March organizers", "When the 'Resistance' Gets Reprehensible", "Six months after the Women's March on Washington, the Resistance Revival has a message for Trump", "County pays $15K to FBI fugitive, part of Freeman Park land deal", The Cointelpro papers: documents from the FBI's secret wars against dissent in the United States, "New Most Wanted Terrorist Joanne Chesimard; First Woman Added to List," May 2, 2013, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Assata Shakur Speaks website in support of Shakur, "The Story of Joanne Chesimard," May 2003 editorial, NJLawman.com. [118] Shakur and co-defendant Ronald Myers were acquitted on December 19, 1975, after seven hours of jury deliberation, ending a three-month trial in front of Judge William Thompson.[117]. Brown,[136] Stanley Cohen (who died of unknown causes early on in the Turnpike trial), Lennox Hinds, Florynce Kennedy, Louis Myers, Laurence Stern, and Evelyn Williams, Shakur's aunt. Assata Olugbala Shakur (born JoAnne Deborah Byron; July 16, 1947[a]) is an American political activist who was a member of the Black Liberation Army (BLA). . [240], In 2015, New Jersey's Kean University dropped hip-hop artist Common as a commencement speaker because of police complaints. Black Panther activist Assata Shakur was pulled over by New Jersey police, shot twice and then charged with the murder of a police officer in 1973. [179] Hinds argues that "in the history of New Jersey, no woman pretrial detainee or prisoner has ever been treated as she was, continuously confined in a men's prison, under twenty-four-hour surveillance of her most intimate functions, without intellectual sustenance, adequate medical attention, and exercise, and without the company of other women for all the years she was in custody". [237], Black NJ State Trooper Anthony Reed (who has left the force) sued the police force because, among other things, persons had hung posters of Shakur, altered to include Reed's badge number, in a Newark barracks. [20][21][22], She began using the name Assata Olugbala Shakur in 1971, rejecting Joanne Chesimard as a "slave name". "Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of . "[12], On December 21, 1971, Shakur was named by the New York City Police Department as one of four suspects in a hand grenade attack that destroyed a police car and injured two officers in Maspeth, Queens. Assata was a Black Panther then a Black Liberation Army (BLA) leader in the early '70s, so she was a target of the FBI's COINTELPRO operation. [112] On April 26, while Shakur was pregnant,[108] New Jersey Governor Brendan Byrne signed an extradition order to move Shakur to New Jersey to face two counts of attempted murder, attempted assault, and possession of dangerous weapons related to the alleged ambush; however, Shakur declined to waive her right to an extradition hearing, and asked for a full hearing before Middlesex County Court Judge John E. Quick Reference. Sundiata Acoli, 85, the oldest former member of the Black Panthers still to be incarcerated for acts of violence during the 1970s Black liberation struggle, is finally to be released from. Black Liberation activist Assata Shakur was found guilty of killing a police officer in 1977, only to escape prison two years later and become a political refugee in Cuba. [63][b] Trooper Harper asked the driver for identification, noticed a discrepancy, asked him to get out of the car, and questioned him at the rear of the vehicle.[58]. Abstract Marighella proposes two essential objectives for the urban guerrilla: physical liquidation of armed forces and police chiefs and assistants, and appropriation of government resources and those belonging to the elite . [9] James, Joy, and Sharpley-Whiting, T. Denean (2000). [122] Andrew Jackson and two others indicted for the same robbery pleaded guilty; Jackson was sentenced to five years in prison and five years' probation; another was shot and killed in a gunfight in Florida on December 31, 1971, and the last remained at large at the time of Shakur's acquittal. And in my own mind, only someone who has been so intimately a victim of this madness as I have can do justice to what I have to say. Mar 24, 2017 at 5:05 pm. [88], During the trial, the defendants were escorted to a "holding pen" outside the courtroom several times after shouting complaints and epithets at Judge Gagliardi. Hanley, Robert (November 4, 1979). [63] In his opening statement to a jury, Hamlin said that Acoli shot Foerster with a .38 caliber semiautomatic pistol and used Foerster's own gun to "execute him". Assata Olugbala Shakur (born JoAnne Deborah Byron; July 16, 1947; [a]) is an American political activist who was a member of the Black Liberation Army (BLA). Why Cuba will never send Assata Shakur to the U.S. [7] She lived for three years with her mother, school teacher Doris E. Johnson, and retired grandparents, Lula and Frank Hill. Did you shoot or assault Trooper James Harper? Assata spent six and a half years in prison under brutal circumstances before escaping out of the maximum security wing of the Clinton Correctional Facility for Women in New Jersey in 1979 and moving to . U.S. Government Declares $2 Million Bounty For Assata Shakur, Tupac's Godmother, Castro won't hand over killer of N.J. trooper, "Cuba still harbors one of America's most wanted fugitives. Nelson, Jim (February 29, 1988). On May 2 1973, Black Panther activist Assata Shakur (fsn) Joanne Deborah Chesimard, was pulled over by the New Jersey State Police, shot twice and then charged with murder of a police officer. [149], Shakur testified that Trooper Harper shot her after she raised her arms to comply with his demand. [58] Assata Shakur testified that she was on her way to Baltimore for a job as a bar waitress. Kamau Sadiki (born Fred W. X. Hilton), a co-defendant who shared a cell with Shakur during their trial for armed robbery in the Bronx (of which both were acquitted), is believed to be the father. "Militant Autobiography: The Case of Assata Shakur," in. $55.00 + $5.55 shipping. Daly, Michael (December 13, 2006). Wilfredo, Cancio Isla (December 18, 2007). She was right up my alley because i [sic] was forever asking all kinds of questions. [219], On May 2, 2005, the 32nd anniversary of the Turnpike shootings, the FBI classified her as a domestic terrorist, increasing the reward for assistance in her capture to $1million,[193][220] the largest reward placed on an individual in the history of New Jersey. "[221] The bounty announcement reportedly caused Shakur to "drop out of sight" after having previously lived relatively openly (including having her home telephone number listed in her local telephone directory). She said she was taught a sugar-coated version of history that ignored the oppression suffered by people of color, especially in the United States. "Warrant Issued In Police Slaying". [5][6], Assata Shakur was born Joanne Deborah Byron, in Flushing, Queens, New York City, on July 16, 1947. . [87] White and Rivers testified that Shakur had guarded one of the doors with a .357 magnum pistol and that Sadiki had served as a lookout and drove the getaway truck during the robbery; neither White nor Rivers was cross-examined due to the defense attorney's refusal to participate in the trial. [63] The prosecution argued that Assata had fired the bullets that had wounded Harper, while the defense argued that the now deceased Zayd had fired them. [134] The Roots TV miniseries adapted from the book and shown shortly before the trial was believed to have evoked feelings of "guilt and sympathy" with many white viewers. [164] Three other defendants were indicted in relation to the same holdup: Melvin Kearney, who died in 1976 from an eight-floor fall while trying to escape from the Brooklyn House of Detention, Twymon Myers, who was killed by police while a fugitive, and Andrew Jackson, the charges against whom were dismissed when two prosecution witnesses could not identify him in a lineup. [244], In July 2017, the Women's March official Twitter feed celebrated Shakur's birthday, leading to criticism from some right-wing media outlets. [181] An international panel of seven jurists were invited by Hinds to tour a number of U.S. prisons, and concluded in a report filed with the United Nations Commission on Human Rights that the conditions of her solitary confinement were "totally unbefitting any prisoner". [224] Calls for Shakur's extradition increased following Fidel Castro's transfer of presidential duties;[222] in a May 2005 television address, Castro had called Shakur a victim of racial persecution, saying "they wanted to portray her as a terrorist, something that was an injustice, a brutality, an infamous lie. [100] The defense attempted to discredit White on the grounds that he had spent eight months in Matteawan Hospital for the Criminally Insane in 1968, and White countered that he had faked insanity (by claiming to be Allah in front of three psychiatrists) to get transferred out of prison. "[79] Morris County, had a far smaller black population than Middlesex County. [164], On November 22, 1977, Shakur pleaded not guilty to an attempted armed robbery indictment stemming from the 1971 incident at the Statler Hilton Hotel. [158] After her escape, Shakur lived as a fugitive for several years. (December 15, 1973). The following slightly edited article first appeared online on May 7, 2013, with the original headline, "Assata Shakur is a modern-day Harriet Tubman." . If one were to examine, closely, the hegemonic discourses of black American history, one would be surprised to . [232] As of April 7, 2010, the presiding judge has ruled that the issues of students' free speech and administrators' immunity from suit "deserve a trial". [44], As of February 17, 1972, when Shakur was identified as one of four BLA members on a short trip to Chattanooga, Tennessee, she was wanted for questioning (along with Robert Vickers, Twyman Meyers, Samuel Cooper, and Paul Stewart) in relation to police killings, a Queens bank robbery, and the grenade attack on police. Hepp, Rick (October 31, 2004). "[225] In 2013, the FBI announced it had added Shakur to its list of 'most wanted terrorists', the first time that a woman was so designated. [16], After graduation from CCNY, Shakur moved to Oakland, California, where she joined the Black Panther Party (BPP). Her trial and conviction were a result of the government conspiracy to destroy Black freedom fighters and the movement for liberation from capitalism. "[12], On May 2, 1973, at about 12:45a.m.,[58] Assata Shakur, along with Zayd Malik Shakur (born James F. Costan) and Sundiata Acoli (born Clark Squire), were stopped on the New Jersey Turnpike in East Brunswick for driving with a broken tail light by State Trooper James Harper, backed up by Trooper Werner Foerster in a second patrol vehicle. Assata Shakur was born as JoAnne Deborah Byron in 1947, but after getting deep into political activism and fighting to end oppression with the Black Panther Party she changed her "slave name" and adopted the . "The Msgr. They financed this by stealing $105,000 from a Bamberger's store in Paramus, New Jersey. "Mrs. Chesimard Is Ousted Again as 2d Trial for Robbery Begins". Gupte, Pranay (July 21, 1973), "Joanne Chesimard Pleads Not Guilty in Holdup Here". [56] Although named after Shakur, CHESROB (like its predecessor, NEWKILL) was not limited to Shakur. Johnston, Richard J. She was born in 1947 in New York City, JoAnne Deborah Byron. [196] In particular, one pre-dawn April 20, 1980, raid on 92Morningside Avenue, during which FBI agents armed with shotguns and machine guns broke down doors and searched through the building for several hours while preventing residents from leaving, was seen by residents as having "racist overtones". This page was last edited on 27 March 2023, at 12:25. (February 20, 1974). [169][174][175], On April 8, 1978, Shakur was transferred to Alderson Federal Prison Camp in Alderson, West Virginia, where she met Puerto Rican nationalist Lolita Lebrn[10] and Mary Alice, a Catholic nun, who introduced Shakur to the concept of liberation theology. "Chesimard still stirs admiration and scorn,", Edna Mahan Correctional Facility for Women, United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York, United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, United States District Court for the District of New Jersey, United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, Rikers Island Correctional Institution for Women, United Nations Commission on Human Rights, 380th addition to the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives, It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back, List of fugitives from justice who disappeared, "Cuba still harbors one of America's most wanted fugitives. Effective Death Penalty Act of 105,000 from a Bamberger 's store in Paramus, New Jersey 's Kean dropped! 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